With an actual voltage of 362 kV on a 345 kV bus, what is the p.u. voltage?

To determine the per unit (p.u.) voltage, the actual voltage must be expressed in relation to a base voltage. In this case, the base voltage is 345 kV. The per unit system allows for simplified calculations and is commonly used in electrical engineering, particularly in power systems.

The formula to calculate the p.u. voltage is:

[

\text{p.u. Voltage} = \frac{\text{Actual Voltage}}{\text{Base Voltage}}

]

Substituting the given values:

[

\text{p.u. Voltage} = \frac{362 \text{ kV}}{345 \text{ kV}}

]

Calculating this gives:

[

\text{p.u. Voltage} = 1.048

]

When rounding to the nearest commonly used increment in per unit calculations, this value is typically represented as 1.05.

This reflects that the actual voltage of 362 kV is approximately 5% higher than the base of 345 kV, indicating a voltage that is above nominal but still manageable within system operations.