Which of the following is a primary concern addressed by the GMD standards?

The focus of the GMD (Geomagnetic Disturbance) standards is primarily on the potential effects of solar storms on the electric power grid. Solar storms can produce geomagnetic storms that have the capability to induce voltages in power lines, potentially leading to transformer damage, voltage instability, and widespread outages. The GMD standards are designed to ensure that the power grid is adequately protected against these disturbances, providing guidelines for utilities to assess their vulnerabilities and develop mitigation strategies.

In contrast, supply chain management in power generation, the impact of natural disasters on infrastructure, and regulations on power pricing, while important topics in the field of electrical power, do not specifically relate to the GMD standards. These standards are specifically tailored to address the unique challenges posed by geomagnetic disturbances, particularly those resulting from solar activity.