What is the main effect of voltage control equipment on the power system?

The main effect of voltage control equipment on the power system is indeed focused on the control of reactive power, which directly correlates to controlling the MVAR flow. Voltage control devices, such as capacitors, reactors, and voltage regulators, are utilized to maintain voltage levels within targeted ranges, which is crucial for the stability and reliability of the electrical network.

Reactive power (measured in MVAR) is essential for voltage support in the system. When the voltage levels drop, additional reactive power may be required to restore those levels to acceptable limits. Conversely, if the voltage is too high, reactive power can be removed from the system to lower the voltage. This control of reactive power is vital to prevent voltage instability, which can lead to equipment damage or cascading failures in the power grid.

While controlling MW flow, frequency, or active power supply are critical aspects of power system operation, these functions are more aligned with power generation and load balancing rather than the primary role of voltage control equipment. The focus on maintaining voltage through MVAR flow adjustment is what differentiates the role of voltage control equipment in ensuring operational efficiency and reliability of the electrical grid.