What does the term "interconnection" refer to in electric power systems?

The term "interconnection" in electric power systems primarily refers to the linking of multiple power systems for enhanced reliability and operational efficiency. This involves integrating different electricity markets and grids, which allows for improved stability and the sharing of resources such as generation and load. Interconnections enable utilities to transfer electricity over large distances, balancing supply and demand across interconnected regions, thereby reducing the risk of outages and improving overall system resilience.

In this context, interconnections can facilitate various benefits, such as cost savings by accessing the lowest-cost generation available and enhancing the reliability of the supply by allowing for back-up options in case of failure in one part of the system. Furthermore, these interconnections can support the integration of renewable energy sources by providing opportunities for energy trading and balancing variability in generation.

The other options, while related to the electric power industry, do not capture the full scope of what "interconnection" entails. The connection of different voltage systems is more about technical compatibility, and establishing new generation stations focuses on expansion rather than the interlinking of existing systems. Geographic expansion of power lines refers to infrastructure development rather than the concept of interconnection itself. Thus, the linking of multiple power systems for reliability and efficiency truly encapsulates the essence of the term in electric power