What are distribution factors used for in power systems?

Distribution factors are essential tools in power systems for understanding how power flows throughout the grid. They specifically help quantify the impact of generation and load on the flow of electricity across various transmission paths. By using distribution factors, operators can estimate how much power from a particular generation source will actually be transmitted through a specific line or node. This estimation is crucial when scheduling dispatch or considering potential congestion on different paths in the network. These factors allow for an analysis of power flows in both steady-state and dynamic conditions, facilitating effective management of resources and ensuring a reliable and stable power system operation.

While voltage drops, thermal limits, and system stability are important aspects of power systems, distribution factors are not directly related to those specific evaluations. For instance, estimating voltage drop across substations and calculating thermal limits focuses more on individual component performance rather than the interplay of generation and load across the system. Similarly, determining overall system stability encompasses broader considerations than merely assessing flow distribution from generation points.